Lung cancer is tumor arising from cells lining the airways of the respiratory system. Adenocarcinoma of the lung is one of the major kinds of cancers of lung, accounting for 32% of all Cases of the disease. It arises from the secretory cells found in the epithelium lining the bronchi.
The progression of adenocarcinoma is fairly unpredictable. In nearly all Cases, adenocarcinoma spreads slowly and leads to very few lung cancer symptoms. But it can also be very invasive, aggressively spreading by way of the body and causing fatality before it can be treated.
Adenocarcinoma Lung
Its symptoms may consist of shortness of breath, the coughing up of blood, chest pains, fatigue, and unexplained weight loss. Adenocarcinoma is typically treated with lung cancer surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
Adenocarcinoma As a Main Type of Lung Cancer
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From the 1950s, the occurrence of lung adenocarcinoma started to rise relative to other kinds of lung cancer. This is partially because of the introduction of filter cigarettes. The usage of filters removes larger particles from tobacco smoke, hence reducing deposition in larger airways.
Most of this kind of cancer is found in smokers. However, it is the most common type of cancer of lung seen in nonsmokers as well. It is most frequent seen in women and people younger than 45. However, you are more likely to get adenocarcinoma if you: smoke cigarettes, breathe cigarette smoke, exposed to radon gas, exposed to asbestos, exposed to other carcinogens in the workplace.
Even if generally connected with lung cancer, adenocarcinoma is a kind of cancer that develops in cells lining glandular kinds of internal organs, like the lungs, colon, stomach, breasts, prostate, pancreas, and cervix. Another kind of adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, accounts for simply 10-15% of all adenocarcinomas and is particular to aggressive carcinomas that are comprised of at least sixty percent mucus.
In order to overcome this deadly disease the doctor and the patient has to work as a team to fight the battle against this awful disease.
Adenocarcinoma As a Main Type of Lung Cancer绝望 中 的 曙光 _Part_1 Video Clips. Duration : 10.12 Mins.
Most lung cancers are termed "carcinomas", which are tumors caused by uncontrolled reproduction of epithelial cells; these are the cells which form the linings and surfaces of most of the bodies organs and internal structures. There are two main types of carcinoma which are classified according to the size and presentation of the cancerous cells.
After a biopsy has been taken (which removes part of the tissue suspected to be cancerous), a laboratory specialist, known as a "histopathologist", places the biopsy sample under a microscope and is able to determine whether cancer is present and whether it is non-small cell or small cell cancer. The former accounts for the bulk of lung cancers (80%) but whatever classification is accorded, it is important because different treatment regimes are more effective at treating the different types (note that there are other classifications but these two are the major ones).
Adenocarcinoma Lung
Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are themselves further classified into three different types though the treatment therapies are very similar for all of them:
Classification of Lung Cancer
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Citation Details Title: Isolated splenic metastasis from primary lung adenocarcinoma.(Case Report) Author: Brian J. Schmidt Publication:Southern Medical Journal (Refereed) Date: March 1, 2004 Publisher: Southern Medical Association Volume: 97 Issue: 3 Page: 298(3)
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Squamous cell lung carcinoma;
Adenocarcinoma; and
Large cell lung carcinoma.
Squamous cell cancer of the lung occurs in around a quarter of all lung cancer patients and is usually located near the central bronchus, this is the main airway leading into the lungs themselves. Fortunately, these types of cancer are less aggressive and grow slowly.
Adenocarcinoma occurs in approximately 40% of patients and starts in the outer lung tissue and is most closely associated with smoking, though many non-smokers also present this form of the disease. Whether a patient is male or female and whether they have smoked or not will determine different treatment paths for them under this category.
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is much less common and usually presents itself in the larger airways (the "bronchi"), but while less common they are unfortunately, much more aggressive. While this form lends itself to treatment by chemotherapy or radiation treatment, however, in many patients by the time it has been diagnosed the cancer has frequently spread (or "metastasized") to other parts of the body. The prognosis for SCLC is usually quite poor and is the type of lung cancer which is most commonly associated with smoking.
No matter what type of cancer a patient presents, it is vital that it is diagnosed as soon as is possible in order to maximize the chances of a positive outcome. Diagnosis and classification of the type of cancer is the first stage in the process of delivering effective treatment for patients, and as quickly as lung cancer has been diagnosed, it must then be "staged". Staging is the process by which the degree of spread and size of a cancer has gotten to; there are four stages, I through IV, with stage I being the best assessment and IV the worst. Staging is important because it directly impacts upon the treatment regime which must be delivered as well as classification of the cancer type.
Classification of Lung CancerSmoking ... Give your lungs a break! Video Clips. Duration : 0.43 Mins.
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!1: Now is the time Isolated splenic metastasis from primary lung adenocarcinoma.(Case Report): An article from: Southern Medical Journal Order Today!
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This digital document is an article from Southern Medical Journal, published by Southern Medical Association on March 1, 2004. The length of the article is 1766 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Citation Details Title: Isolated splenic metastasis from primary lung adenocarcinoma.(Case Report) Author: Brian J. Schmidt Publication:Southern Medical Journal (Refereed) Date: March 1, 2004 Publisher: Southern Medical Association Volume: 97 Issue: 3 Page: 298(3)
Lung cancer is caused by uncontrolled rapid growth of cells in tissues. This type of cancer is most common and results in more than a million deaths every year. This form of cancer is indicated by weight loss or coughing up blood or regularly going out of breath. It can be noticed on chest radio graph also called CT Scan. The treatment that one gets depends on the stage that one is in. Treatment of cancer include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
CLASSIFICATION
Adenocarcinoma Lung
Lung cancers are classified after studying under them microscope. Classification is necessary as different type of cancer is treated differently. Large portion of lung cancer are carcinomas - malignancies that grow from epithelial cells. Lung-carcinomas are categorized into two types: non -small and small-cell lung carcinoma. Non-small cell lung carcinoma and small cell lung carcinoma account for 80. 4% and 16. 8% frequency of lung cancer, respectively.
Lung Cancer - Classification, Stages, Symptoms, Causes, Effects, Prevention, Detection and Treatment
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As an Oncology Nurse. I had only one protocol in mind while writing this book. That was to show you the most successful cancer treatments available today for Lung Cancer.
To that end, you won't find a better warrior in the war on cancer than reading this book.
We are honored to inform you that many leading hospitals use our books in their medical library to be used by physicians. They are Harvard University, Columbia, NYU, UCLA, Johns Hopkins, and many others.
Please remember these important rules:- NO THERAPY will work until 3 things come together.
1.) You believe in the therapy. 2.) Your faith is strong enough. 3.) The therapy is tried and true.
Lung cancer has mushroomed in the past 3 decades to become a major health problem. While once viewed as always fatal, new research has led to therapies that give some real hope to the lung cancer patient. It is crucial to be well-educated about this disease to help you choose the proper therapy.
It is critical to get prompt diagnosis and proper treatment for lung cancer, this can literally make the difference between life and death.
Understanding your options will give you the peace-of-mind that you have done everything possible to ensure a successful outcome for yourself or a loved one.
We describe surgery, radiation and chemotherapy along with their side effects and results. While we don't promise a cure, we tell you everything you need to know to help you make the correct choices today for lung cancer.
Being knowledgeable gives you the peace-of-mind to know you have done everything possible to fight this disease successfully.
The Cancer Group Institute's books explain, in plain English, the definition, types, risk factors, frequency, evaluation, historical and latest effective treatments for Lung Cancer.
We describe surgery, radiation and chemotherapy along with a host of other proven proactive treatments, their side effects and results.
We have endeavored to scour the world and read through the vicissitudes of all the cancer treatments available for Lung Cancer.
We have put together, and detail the most proactive treatments. Those with excellent results.
Includes details of services offered, by leading doctors and contact information, including their address, and e-mails.
We explain in plain English what the therapies are, how they work, why they work and most importantly the results.
Lung Cancer is more than a disease, its curable.
This book is detailed oriented.
Understanding your options will give you the peace-of-mind of knowing you have done everything possible to ensure a successful outcome.
While we don't promise a cure, we will tell you everything you must know to help you make the right decision, today!
1. NON -SMALL CELL LUNG CARCINOMA
The non -small cell lung carcinomas are grouped together as their prognosis and management are same up to some extent. They are further classified into three types: squamous cell lung carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and large cell lung carcinoma. Squamous cell lung cancer originates near a central bronchus. They account for 25% of lung cancers. Adenocarcinoma starts in peripheral lung tissue. The Cases of adenocarcinoma are a result of smoking. They accounts to 40% of non -small cell lung cancers.
2. SMALL CELL LUNG CARCINOMA
This type of lung cancer is rare. It is sometimes referred to as "oat cell" carcinoma. Most of the times they originate from larger airways (primary and secondary bronchi ) and from there they grow at a rapid pace. This type of lung cancer if mostly associated with smoking.
SECONDARY CANCERS
These cancers are classified on the basis of site of origin like breast cancer but has spread to the lung. Majority of the lung cancers in children are secondary.
STAGING OF LUNG CANCER
Lung cancer staging is used to asses the degree of spread of the cancer from its place of origin. It is an important factor that determines the potential treatment of lung cancer. The degree starts from 1A to 4, 1A being best prognosis and 4 being worst.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Following are the symptoms of lung cancer: 1. Voice becoming hoarse. 2. Sudden loss of weight. 3. Feeling pain in chest region or abdomen. 4. Difficulty in swallowing. 5. Loss of appetite. 6. Running out of breath. Many of the symptoms mentioned above are non -specific. By the time they notice symptoms or signs, cancer has already spread from place of origin. Very few people with this cancer have signs at time of diagnosis, these cancers are noticed on routine chest radio graph.
CAUSES
The three main causes of cancer are: carcinogens (which is found in tobacco ), viral infection and ionizing radiation. If exposed, it causes changes to DNA in tissue lining the bronchi of the lungs. With more and more tissues getting damaged, cancer develops.
1. SMOKING
Smoking is the main cause of cancer. In one cigarette, there are 60 different known types of carcinogens like radioisotopes and nitrosamine. Smoking is believed to cause 80% of these type of Cases. The risk is generally less in non -smokers. The time that a person smokes proportionately increases the chances of this cancer. There has been cases that if a person stops smoking, the damaged cells gradually gets repaired. In non-smokers, passive smoking is the main causes of lung-cancer. Passive smoking is one inhaled from another person smoking.
2. RADON GAS
The gas produced from breakdown of radium. This gas is colourless and odorless. Exposure to radiation ionize the genetic material, causing mutations that sometimes turn cancerous. Exposure to radon gas is the second major cause of lung-cancer after smoking.
3. ASBESTOS
Asbestos is responsible for causing a number of cancer, one among them is lung cancer. In UK, asbestos accounts for 2 to 3% of the total cases of this cancer.
4. VIRUS
Viruses are responsible for causing lung-cancer in animals. And research has shown of similar potential in humans.
5. PARTICULATE MATTER
Particulate matter has a direct link to lung cancer cases. The size and quantity of particles in air determines the risk of getting lung-cancer. If concentration of particles increases beyond 1%, then the chances of getting this increases by 14%.
PATHOGENESIS
Just like may other cancer forms, lung cancer is started by activation of ocnogenes or inactivation of tumor suppressing genes. Ocnogenes are those genes that make people more vulnerable to cancer. Ocnogenes are produced from proto-ocnogenes, when the latter is exposed to particular carcinogens. In k-ras proto-oncogene, mutations takes place which are responsible for 10 to 30% of lung adenocarcinomas. Tumor invasion, angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell profileration are regulated by the Epidermal growth factor receptor. Mutations and amplification of EGFR are common in non -small cell lung cancer. The basis for treatment with EGFR-inhibitors are also provided by Mutation and amplification of EGFR. Chromosomal damage can lead to loss of heterozygosity which can result in inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. Damage to four of these chromosomes:3p, 5q, 13 q and 17 p are common in small cell lung-carcinoma. The p53, which is a tumor suppressor gene, located on chromosome 17p is affected in most of the cases. c-MET, NKX2-1, LKB1, PIK3A and BRAF are also mutated or amplified. Various genetic polymorphisms are supplementary to this cancer. Some of them include polymorphisms in genes coding for interleukin-1, cytochrome p450, apoptosis promoters such as caspase-8, and XRCC1, which is DNA repair molecule. People having these polymorphisms are more likely to develop lung cancer on being exposed to carcinogens. The research has revealed that MDM2 309G allele is a low-penetrant risk factor for developing this in Asians.
DIAGNOSIS
If a person has reported symptoms that might suggest cancer related to lungs, then chest radio graph is performed in the first step. The test reveals the widening of mediastinium, atelectasis and pleural effusion. Even if there are no radio graphic findings but the hint of this is high because of things like the person being heavy smoker with blood-stained sputum then CT-Scan may provide the necessary data. If findings are unnatural in cells in sputum, then they multiplies the risk of this type of cancer. Early detection can be done by Sputum cytologic examination together with other screening examinations. The differential diagnosis for those patients who show irregularities on chest cardiograph consider cancer related to lungs along with non malignant diseases. These consider infectious reasons like tuberculosis or pneumonia. The above mentioned diseases can lead to lung nodules.
PREVENTION
Prevention, just like always, is better than cure. Steps in this direction have been taken by may countries by identifying carcinogens and banning them but tobacco, which is the major cause of lung cancer, is still common. Eliminating cigarette smoking is first hand target in the prevention of lung cancer. Steps to lessen Passive smoking have also being taken by banning smoking in public places and workplaces. New Zealand has restricted smoking in open places. A similar step is also taken by Chandigarh, India. Bhutan has criminalized smoking since 2005.
SCREENING
Screening is used to detect disease by doing medical tests when the patient is not showing any symptoms. Chest radio graph or computed tomography are the tests used for screening of lung cancer. But, results have shown, that screening tests for lung cancer rarely has shown any benefit.
TREATMENT
The treatment of lung cancer can be done in following ways, depending on the stage or degree of cancer:
1. SURGERY
If doctors have detected lung cancer, then CT scan and positron emission tomography are usually applied to check if the disease is placed and surgery can be done or it has moved to the point where performing surgery is not possible. Surgery can only be performed if spirometry reveals good respiratory reserve, but if it is poor, then surgery is not possible. Even surgery has a death operative rate of 4. 4% but that is because of patient's lung function and other factors.
2. CHEMOTHERAPY
Chemotherapy, along with radiation, is used to treat small cell lung carcinoma. Primary chemotherapy is also used in metastatic non -small cell lung carcinoma.
3. RADIOTHERAPY
Radiotherapy, with chemotherapy, is given when patient is not fit to under go surgery. This type of high intensity radiotherapy is called radical radiotherapy. CHART (continuos hyperfractioned accelerated radiotherapy ) is refined version of this technique in which a high dose of radiotherapy is given for a short period of time. When cancer affects a short section of bronchus, then brachytherapy is given.
EPIDEMOLOGY
Lung cancer is the most widely reported cancer. There are 1. 35 million cases every year and 1. 18 million deaths. Lung cancer develop among those who have a history of smoking over a long period of years i. e 50 years and above. In addition to smoking, passive smoking is also a factor that causes lung cancer. Even the emissions from factories, automobiles, power plants pose a threat to human health. Lung cancer is found to have a reciprocal effect with sunlight and UVB exposure. This is due to effect of Vitamin D, produced in skin during exposure to sunlight.
Lung Cancer - Classification, Stages, Symptoms, Causes, Effects, Prevention, Detection and TreatmentUltra low intestine (colon) cancer with metastases in the lung Video Clips. Duration : 2.43 Mins.
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Unlike other forms of lung cancer, metastatic lung cancer is the result of a cancer from another part of the body spreading to the lungs. When a malignancy develops in the body (most often in the breasts, colon, prostate, or bladder, though almost all cancers have the ability to spread) it can sometimes spread through the blood stream. When these malignancies settle into the pulmonary tissues, such as the alveoli (the final vein-like branches of the respiratory system) and the supporting tissues of the respiratory structures, the cancer has metastasized to the lungs.
Unfortunately, treating metastatic lung cancer presents significant challenges. Since the cancer has spread from another part of the body, treatment not only involves addressing the cancer in the lungs, but also the original cancer and any other areas of the body that may have also become affected. In some Cases, if the primary tumor is successfully removed and if the spread of the tumor cells to the pulmonary regions is relatively localized, then the management of the cancer by surgical techniques may do the job. However, if the metastatic lung cancer is extensive, because so many areas of the body may be under the influence of the cancer, certain treatments (such as surgery, and in many Cases, radiation therapy as well) may prove ineffective. Which leaves most patients with chemotherapy as the primary treatment of choice.
Adenocarcinoma Lung
Chemotherapy often uses a combination of drugs (often referred to as "anti-cancer" drugs) to kill cancer cells, though a single drug may be used as well. While the aim of these drugs is to stop cancerous cells from multiplying, they also can damage healthy cells. This is what creates the side effects that are often associated with chemotherapy, such as the loss of hair, nausea and vomiting, and fatigue. The good news, however, is that the healthy cells will generally repair themselves once the chemotherapy process is over.
The Truth Behind Metastatic Lung Cancer
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Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Adenocarcinoma of the lung is a common histological form of lung cancer that contains certain distinct malignant tissue architectural, cytological, or molecular features, including gland and/or duct formation and/or production of significant amounts of mucus.
Chemotherapy can provide a cure (when the cancer disappears and does not return) or help to control the cancer (to keep it from spreading and perhaps kill cancerous cells that have already spread to other areas of the body, such as is the Case in metastasized lung cancer) or relieve the symptoms of the cancer (to provide the patient with a better quality of life, even in the face of a poor prognosis). How it's used in any particular situation is dependent upon the type of cancer, the stage of the cancer, the prognosis, and the plan as set out by the patient and his or her physician.
In addition, there are complementary and alternative treatments. These can include everything from proper nutrition to pain management, from spiritual approaches to natural herbs and supplements. Of course, such alternative plans will vary much the same as traditional treatments, depending on the location and size of the tumor, the age and general health of the patient, and other factors.
Metastatic lung cancer is certainly more challenging to overcome than other forms of lung cancer because the fight against the cancerous cells is not confined to the lungs. And while a cure is unlikely in most cases, in rare instances (usually when the primary tumor has been removed and the spread of the cancer has been limited), the lung metastases can be removed surgically, with a prognosis of long-term survival.
Please note that the information provided in this article is for information purposes only. It should not be used during a medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of lung cancer or metastatic lung cancer. Such situations should always involve the expertise of a physician or health care provider.
The Truth Behind Metastatic Lung CancerAdenocarcinoma Prognosis Video Clips. Duration : 1.87 Mins.
Adenocarcinoma is a cancer that begins in cells lining glandular types of internal organs (glandular tissue), such as lung, breast, colon, prostate, stomach, pancreas and cervix and gland-like properties
Keywords: adenocarcinoma prognosis, cancer prognosis, prognosis, adenocarcinoma lung, adenocarcinoma, treatment of cancer, cancer treatment
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